There have been new changes in my country's regional economic development and urban styles.
On December 16th, the 24th issue of the magazine "Qi Shi" published a tense article-"Promoting the formation of a regional economic structure with complementary advantages and high-quality development".
The article pointed out that the spatial structure of my country's economic development is undergoing in-depth changes, and intermediate cities and urban agglomerations are becoming the main spatial forms that carry development factors. Under the new situation, it is necessary to adjust the regional policy system in accordance with objective economic rules, carry forward the relative advantages of various regions, and stimulate reasonable activities and efficient convergence of various elements. Strengthen the economic and key capacity of regions with economic development advantages such as intermediate cities and urban agglomerations.
This means that the urbanization mindset has shifted from the mode of small and medium-sized cities to the mode of urban agglomerations, and the formation of household goods and resource agglomeration effects in the urban circle with focal cities as the middle has become resonance.
The 40-year history of urbanization and the history of the development of cities all over the world point to the development and expansion of cities from the power of convergence.
Top-level design
All along, the debate on the urban development model of our country has continued. After all, the debate about prioritizing the development of large cities, or focusing on the development of small and medium-sized cities and small towns, has been accompanied by all the urbanization processes in our country.
As early as 2006, the State Council proposed four regional planning pilot projects. The first one is the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan area, which will prepare development plans across the three provinces and cities of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei. However, due to the fact that it is too difficult to coordinate, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan area The plan has not been released during the 11th Five-Year Plan period. At the same time, plans for the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle, the Yangtze River Delta City Group, and the Northeast Region were launched. Due to a series of problems such as too large planning limits and too far radiation intervals, the large-scale urban agglomeration planning could not be implemented.
"The initial stage of my country's urban development is mainly to vigorously develop the economy and basic facilities in a single city. Over time, the differentiation between cities has formed, and finally the siphon effect has appeared. A large number of resources and gates flow to the focus cities with booming economy. The continued growth of the city’s resident gates and the continuous expansion and construction of urban constraints have led to the emergence of urban intermediate gates to suburban activities, or the tendency of foreign gates to move to the suburbs of cities for diligence and thrift.” Thanks to Liang Xing Vice President of Greater China, Wang Sheng commented.
In his view, in order to better handle the phenomenon of large cities and small and medium-sized cities, urban agglomerations and metropolitan areas are bound to be the trend of urban development in Japan.
In March 2014, the "National New-type Urbanization Plan (2014-2020)" was released, proposing new ideas such as "focusing on the urbanization of people", "taking urban agglomerations as the main form, and promoting the coordinated development of large, medium and small cities and small towns". It also proposes to optimize and promote urban agglomerations in the eastern region, cultivate and develop urban agglomerations in the central and western regions, and establish a coordination mechanism for the development of urban agglomerations. The plan also proposes that 19 urban agglomerations will be built during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, and all 19 urban agglomeration plans will be realized in 2017.
In recent years, following the central government’s vigorous efforts to promote the development of urban agglomerations, the "Opinions on Establishing a New Mechanism for Multi-Use Regional Coordinated Development" published in November 2018 proposes to establish a new model for the development of urban agglomerations and urban agglomerations to mobilize regional development with intermediate cities. , Promote the interactive development of equipment between regional sectors.
Until February 19, 2019, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Guiding Opinions on the Cultivation and Development of Modern Metropolis Circles", which defined what is meant by urban agglomerations and metropolitan circles: "Urban agglomerations are the main form of new urbanization and support national economic growth. , Stimulate the coordinated development of regions, and intervene in the tense platform of international competition alliances. Metropolitan area is a spatial form of urbanization in urban agglomerations with super-large cities or large cities with strong radiation mobilization efficiency as the middle, and one-hour commuting circle as the foundation."
On August 26, 2019, the fifth meeting of the Central Finance and Economics Committee proposed that the spatial structure of my country's economic development is undergoing in-depth changes, and intermediate cities and urban agglomerations are becoming the main spatial forms that carry development factors. We must adjust the regional policy system in accordance with objective economic rules, carry forward the relative advantages of each region, and stimulate reasonable activities and efficient convergence of various elements. It is necessary to strengthen the economic and key capacity of regions with economic development advantages such as intermediate cities and urban agglomerations.
According to Lu Ming, a distinguished professor at Shanghai Jiaotong University and executive dean of the China Development Research Institute, my country has been adopting the so-called average development strategy between regions in the past few decades, that is, to curb the development of large cities and exaggerate the development of small and medium-sized cities. The symmetrical distribution of cities is the starting point of the policy, which brings about a series of misallocation of resources and sacrifices the economies of scale and convergence of the contemporary economy. "For example, since 2003, China began to use the method of constructing land indicators to favor inland central and western cities in China. However, there are a large number of small and medium-sized cities in the central and western regions, so objectively speaking, the interval allocation system of construction land indicators after 2003 The objective growth has further intensified the restrictions on the development of super-large and mega-cities, and has also boosted the expansion of small and medium-sized cities."
Nowadays, the central level is beginning to realize that economic development must respect objective rules, promote the benefits of the mobilization of urban agglomerations by intermediate cities, coordinate and separate development among various locations, and exaggerate the need to create conditions for advantageous regions to strengthen their economic and economic development. Bearing capacity. "The fifth meeting of the Central Finance and Economics Committee on August 26, 2019 can be used as a demarcation point." Lu Ming commented, "This change is short and long but often big, especially in the upward direction of carrying capacity. The original mind and method are old. I feel that there are a few resources and conditions that limit the carrying capacity of large cities. The current formulation shows that the understanding that the carrying capacity of mega- and mega-cities can actually be strengthened through investment."